Guns Germs and Steel Essay Example for Free

Guns Germs and Steel Essay Yali asked the question of â€Å"why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had so little cargo of our own? † (Diamond 14) In other words, he is asking â€Å"what is the factor between our people and ours that causes human development to proceed at different rates? † (Diamond 16) What Yali is really asking though, is, what is this mysterious factor? According to Diamond, the basis for development is the environment around us including the resources and the native people of New Guinea don’t live in an area where a chance is provided for them to take advantage of. The natural resources are just enough for them to get by. This is why the people of New Guinea produce so little â€Å"cargo† of their own. Pizarro’s capture of Atahuallpa and destruction of the Incas made the Europeans realize what power they head, and what they could do to the rest of the world. They easily wiped out the Inca’s of 80,000 with 168 men. From the Battle of Cajamarca, Pizzaro came back to Charles I saying that Europe had the power to conquer the Americas. There were reasons Pizarro and the Europeans could conquer the Americas†¦ They had better warfare than the Incas. Pizarro’s men had armor rode horseback and used steel compared to their wooden weapons. Eurasia happened to have an abundance of edible material because of the right environment leading to the domestication of plants and animals led the people to settle down in one place instead of being nomads. When people started to settle down and bring the food to them, they started to have a surplus which led for the people to have extra jobs and it started to also support a higher population while allowing women to have more children contributing to job specialization. These specialists were not devoted to farmers or food producers but varied to priests, blacksmiths etc. Permanent agriculture societies were able to from with the food surpluses leading to empires. Some of the reason that people began to settle down and farm are because at the time many wild foods began to decrease due to hunters and gatherers killing off too many large animals leaving life unsustainable. More wild plants that could be domesticated became available at the time. Technological advances allowe3d people to harvest and store greater amounts of food that they cultivated. Human populations rose it’s not clear how much it caused food production and how much food production caused it but researchers believe there’s a connection. As populations rose, they needed to have better food supplies and started farming. The farm societies were able to drive out neighboring hunter-gatherers. A continent with long east-west axis like (Eurasia) has an advantage over continents with long north-south axes (like Africa and the Americas). The reasons it does have to do with crops and longitude. In general similar crops can grow at similar longitudes. In other words a cropped that developed in one place can be spread east to west (or west to east) but less likely to spread north and south. Epidemic diseases developed among the societies that had been farming the longest. These were Eurasian societies. Societies in the Americas, Australia, and other places had not been farming as long and lacked epidemic diseases. When Europeans came in contact with Native Americans, for example, European epidemic diseases killed huge percentages of the Native Americans. This helped the Europeans conquer and the conquest made them richer and more powerful. Therefore germs help to answer Yalis question. The societies that did independently invent writing were those with complex hierarchies and sophisticated systems of food production. Writing was needed for politics and was generally learned by bureaucrats who had the comfort of available time and energy. As food was available to them, they had no need to hunt and gather for themselves. Since their basic needs were being met, they could focus on a higher level of existence and communication. There are two conditions in which technology may develop. The first is â€Å"mother necessity ideology† which is when a society needs something to make things easier they invent it. Technology differed from place to place because there were more people to invent and better diffusion to spread the invention. The opposite happened in the Americas because there were less people and a slower diffusion rate. Also different cultures had different ideas for change. The only way that society can emerge is through food. Such developments include jobs, such as the chief and the beginnings of government. The institutions of society changed over time based on how organized they were. They evolved based around various factors like war and other societies. They are related by diffusion. Whenever a state is conquered by another state they enforce use of their technology or exploit it. States are going to develop weapons, troops, and religion in order to make the state survive. They develop in response to need of their population size. They use these agents of conquest to become larger and to conquer other societies; and for that they need guns, germs, and steel. What Diamond is saying is that he thinks that people really should not think that history is so much different from the sciences. He is saying that the study of history can be pretty scientific if it is done correctly (and that some sciences are not as precise as things like chemistry). Diamond is trying to argue that historians should use what he calls natural experiments. He thinks that there are many experiments where there are two or more places that are pretty similar in many ways but which then turned out differently (like his experiment in Chapter 2). He argues that historians can use these they can look at what was different and what was similar and how the differences led to the differences in the outcomes. Guns, Germs, and Steel Book Review I think Diamond’s central intent of writing the book is to explain how varying societies become dominate, and how certain others can become dominated. By looking at environmental conditions that caused the disparities that lead to certain societies developing guns, germs, and steel, including other technology, and forming a government necessary for conquest. He introduced the book with Yali’s question â€Å"Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people has so little cargo of our own? † This question used a scientific/geographic background, and set his intent is to answer the question or inform how to answer the question. He also tries to analyze the causes of the expansion of civilizations’ in some parts of the world, since all people are physically the same what could cause some to be successful and others to die? He used archaeological and historical case studies and evidence from genetics and linguistics, he argued that technological and gaps in power are not caused by race or culture differences but by environmental differences, He used the idea of the axis as one saying that Eurasia had an east to west (or west to east) therefore having an advantage over Africa or the Americas for instance, because crops could grow at the same longitude but it was more difficult as they went north and south. Also when cultural or genetic differences have favored Eurasians like for example written language or resistance to epidemic diseases he says these advantages occurred because of the influence and geography on societies and cultures and were not inherited as genes from Eurasian ancestors. Diamonds book argues that the differences in progress for different societies around the world do not result from one group being smarter or more resourceful than another. Rather, he focuses on the impact of geography whether food and other key items were plentiful, whether and how disease spread, and how these developments led to different levels of industrialization, and wealth The book â€Å"Guns, Germs, and Steel† was very well written in the sense that Diamond had a question in which was the foundation of the book, he throughout the book acquired evidence and explanations and ideas of how to answer the question. The book had evidence to back it up by explaining how Eurasia had a better opportunity being west to east meaning they had better crop farming. Which led to a growing civilization and soon conquest. The book wasn’t exactly dull or boring but it wasn’t exciting or entertaining either. It was like any other history book it asked a question, then went on to the point. There was an explanation of the main topic which was Yali’s question and evidence that dealt with answering the question. From beginning to end, Diamond stresses that he realizes that efforts to compare societies have frequently been used by racists or nationalists to belittle groups or justify mistreatment of them. He argues that his analysis is in fact anti-racism at work because it shows that the white people who enjoy the comforts of modern life are ultimately luckier than, not more deserving than, people in impoverished nations.

Artificial Olfactory Enhancement :: Olfactory Enhancement Essays

Artificial Olfactory Enhancement The human olfactory system is responsible for perceiving the chemical world around us. By sampling the environment, we can determine the presence of other individuals, possible danger, or distinguish acceptable food. Consisting of our sense of taste and smell, the olfactory system is a highly interrelated coordination of chemical and nerve responses. Yet as we have all experienced, human olfaction has limits. The popular image of a bloodhound leading hunters through the woods is one example of these limits. The scent trail that is all too easily picked up by the hound is completely elusive to his human companions. This is partially due to the dogà ­s possession of nearly twenty times more olfactory neurons than humans. Another example is evident in airports across the country. Long lines of passengers wait in line while a security guard swabs a bag and passes the sample under a mysterious black box. The machine squawks an alarm and the owner of the bag is promptly arrested for concealing explosive material. These are two simple situations in which the human olfactory system is not sufficient to meet our needs. We are dependent upon these machines and animals in order to achieve our goals. They are examples where we have identified a shortcoming of human abilities and have attempted to augment them through the aid of external devices. Nearly every aspect of human ability has seen the same attempt at embellishment. Even those that have lost functioning are able to regain some ability through the aid of external devices. Yet while wheelchairs and hearing aids are effective to an extent, it is doubtless that those individuals would benefit more if they were free from mechanical restraints. To integrate the advancement into the body itself creates an autonomous individual, whether brought back to normal functioning or elevated beyond. In the case of an individual elevated beyond normal biology, we would have expanded our own potential. An olfaction enhanced security guard could detect explosives or drugs instantaneously, without the cumbersome dependency upon a stationary device. An enhanced doctor could evaluate a patient using the subtle scent cues often present in disease. The potential for olfactory enhancement is clear. This paper will examine the potential for an augmented human olfactory system using electronic devices implanted in the body.

ASEAN Economic Integration 2015 Essay

As the world today becomes more complex in term of politics and economics, there are agreements or treaties created in order to maintain the stabilization and development. One of the significant things that most states mainly concern about is the economic development; as a matter of fact, since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the world has given more priority to the economic development. On top of that, there were creations of free trade agreement among countries or regions; for instance, ASEAN was created in the purpose of regional development especially in economic. Moreover, ASEAN has proposed an objective to be succeeded in 2015 which is known as the economic integration or ASEAN Economic Community. There are three important factors that lead to the creation of ASEAN economic integration in 2015. First, ASEAN free trade area for free flow of goods is an agreement to reduce the trade barrier across the ASEAN countries, found in 1992 (The ASEAN Secretariat, 2012). At first, there were only six members of ASEAN joining and discussing about the free flow of goods during the early 1990s. In 2000, ASEAN has reached four more members such as Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and Myanmar, and those countries were not developed much in economic; so, as the former six members could reach the similarity development in term of economic, the proposal that was concerned over the free trade area is still existed. It needs time for the new member states to reach the development as the ASEAN has defined the year 2015 for the economic integration, and it means that the new member states need to develop themselves until they reach the demand from the other member in productivity which it was estimated to be in 2015. Additionally, in order to reach this objective, it needs the entire new member states have higher economic growth and sign for agreement on trade. Once a country has free trade, it could lead to the international competition and also developing the country. Second, ASEAN framework agreement on services was created in order to limit the flow of services, established in 1995 and also known as the factor leading to economic integration (Hai, 2004). The aim of creating this agreement is to promote the free flow of services in the economic integration 2015. As some countries in ASEAN still need to develop, all of the member states have to cooperate well among other especially in trade and education. On top of that, technological transfer from state to state could  lead to the skillful labor forces. While having skillful forces, it makes easier for state to attract the investment. As all of the members consist of skill labors and form as a regional group, they can gain the beginning power in term of production and services. Furthermore, ASEAN will play more roles in the world economic competition on free flow of services as well as the productions. Accordingly, it could increase in service market; for instance, Singapore is one of the developed countries that is considered as the knowledge based economic which is referred to the use of services beside productions (Yue, 2001). Another factor that leads to the creation of ASEAN economic integration 2015 is the ASEAN investment agreement (AIA). It is an agreement between the member states for the open and free flow of investment throughout the region as well as to enrich the competitiveness and attraction of Direct Foreign Investment. This agreement focus on four blueprints such as progressive liberalization of investment among member states, enhancing the protection of investors and their investment, improvement of regulations to increase investment, and promotion integrated investment area. Due to these principles, it can contribute a lot advantages to member states mainly for three aspects. First, because of the free flow of investment into the regime, ASEAN has gained the Capital increase. Even when there was the Asian Financial crisis, ASEAN remained strong with the growth of threefold accounted from US$ 23 billion in 1998 to US$ 69 billion. Obviously, the intra-ASEAN has also been expanded to US$ 10.7 million, and for the foreign direct investment, it keeps growing which accounted for US$ 30.1 billion (2012). Second, AIA is one of main causes that create jobs for most of ASEAN citizens which approximately in total of 600 million people. When there were direct foreign investments, many factories and companies consumed labor forces to work in their firm; therefore, as a result, ASEAN employment rate will rise remarkably. Last but not least, the economic development is surely achieved by the free flow of investment. There will be advancement in any field such as infrastructures, technology, healthcare, education, etc when it comes to the accessibility to the manufacturing or services. All in all, the ASEAN investment agreement is the driving cause that provide three important benefits like increasing capital, creating more jobs, and improving economic development. After mentioning about the factors that lead to the ASEAN economic integration  2015, we can inferred that it is important for ASEAN to be ready for the economic integration 2015 as it could lead ASEAN to become a highly developed region that plays important role in the world economic. References Hai, T. C. (2004). Mutual Recognition of Surveying Qualifications within the ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services. Fig.net. Retrieved from http://www.fig.net/pub/monthly_articles/november_2004/teo_november_2004.pdf The ASEAN Secretariat. (2012). The ASEAN Free Trade Area. Asean.org. Retrieved from http://www. asean.org/communities/asean-economic-community/category/overview-10 Yue, C.S. (2001). Singapore: Towards a Knowledge-Based Economy. Retrieved fromhttp://www.d1074616.domain.com/worldcapitalinstitute/makciplatform/files/Singapore_Towards%20k-Economy_0.pdf Topic: Preparing for the ASEAN Economic Community 2015: What Can We and Government Do? The Practice of Liberalism in the ASEAN Economic Community: Changing Challenges into Positive Opportunities for the Success of Indonesia in the ASEAN Economic Community in 2015 ASEAN Economic Community or commonly called the AEC will be realized in the next two years. AEC planned to take place in 2015. In order to realize the AEC in 2015, all ASEAN countries should liberalize trade in free movement of goods, services, investment, skilled labor, and freer flow of capital, as listed in the AEC blueprint. Based on this, the ASEAN Economic Community can be used as a container for the potential benefit for the countries incorporated in it, but on the other hand also simultaneously AEC can be a boomerang effect for countries that are not yet ready to face the AEC in 2015. Therefore, the free market which will be implemented in the 2015 AEC makes the countries who are members of ASEAN are competing to prepare its resources in order to compete and survive in a free competition because they do not want to become victims of exploitation in the AEC 2015. Indonesia as one of the countries that are members of the ASEAN community is also incorporated in this economic int egration. Preparation of Indonesia in facing the AEC 2015 which is getting closer to the finish line is  interesting to discussed, given the euphoria in welcoming the 2015 AEC Indonesia is still not so pronounced, whereas the 2015 AEC will begin in two years. In this case if Indonesia does not merely want to be a spectator of the exploited towards the existence of economic integration in ASEAN (AEC), Indonesia needs to realize the integrated challenges that will be faced in the implementation of the AEC in 2015. It aims to make Indonesia can change the challenges they face into opportunities in order to get benefits due the AEC 2015. In analyzing the challenges to be faced by Indonesia, I would like to use the perspective of the theory of liberalism considering that the establishment of the AEC as a free trade area, single market aims to make ASEAN more dynamic and competitive market which is the implementation of liberalism. The liberal understanding of international political economy as an application of the theory and methodology of international economics that separates the interaction between economics and politics. The existence of a strong and active role in the mechanism of the market has eclipsed the government authorities who are the main actors of the country. Economics and politics are two arenas are supposed to be separated and each operating according to the rules of logic and its own logic. Because liberals believe that economic factors are the determinant of all social processes and then according to them that international political economic phenomena can be explained by the various existing theories in economics. Linked to the challenges faced by Indonesia in AEC 2015 was that the implementation of the liberalism in the economic field may be adversely affected because there is no one system that was created in this world is perfect. The following are the negative impacts of the implementation of the liberalization of the economy: First liberalism in the world economy can enlarge the gap between countries. Second, liberalism will create a dependency relationship between rich countrie s with poor countries. Third, the market mechanism system will cause adverse monopoly power. Fourth, Liberalism tends to bring instability in the economy. Based on the four negative impact of liberalism, we will know how the challenges faced by Indonesia significantly and further more we can know the appropriate ways in facing the challenges toward ASEAN Economic Community 2015. The first negative impact of the implementation of liberalism is liberalism in the world economy can enlarge the gap between countries. The liberalization of various sectors of the economy will create  free competition in the world market. It means, when free competition occurs, then the countries that have relatively high levels of the economy will be stronger, while those with relatively low levels of the economy will be weak. In this case the economic level ASEAN countries are very diverse. Specifically, the level of economic progress in ASEAN classified into (1) a group of developed countries (Singapore), (2) a dynamic group of countries (Malaysia and Thailand), (3) group of middle-income count ries (Indonesia, the Philippines and Brunei Darussalam), and (4 ) group of underdeveloped countries (Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam). It is unfortunate that position of Indonesia based on the economic level in ASEAN is in the group of middle income countries. Though Indonesia to all its potential and its resources can be make itself as a big country compared to other ASEAN countries. It is caused by conditions in the Indonesian national which tends to be unstable. Not only economic, but also political stability in Indonesia was not stable Moreover when we link to the increase corruption case that lately occurred in Indonesia. So in order to overcome this problem required an integrative solution formulated by the national government to improve national conditions in Indonesia. The solution does not only focus on economic reform but also to improve political stability to run healthier. Infrastructure Improvements, reform the institutional and governance in order to have integrated coordination, and improving the quality of human resources in Indonesia are three main keys to deal the challenges faced by Indonesia in AEC 2015. Second, liberalism will create a dependency relationship between rich countries with poor countries. One problem that occurs is the policy of privatization of State Owned Enterprises (SOE)/(BUMN) a country that is purchased by a foreign country as a consequence of liberalization. Because the state â€Å"considers† itself no longer able to manage and finance the production process of the SOEs, though generally an entity or SOE firms that are closely related to lives of many people. So it does not rule out the influence of one countries to the other countries might have a strong influence. In this case, the government should be firmly protecting state-owned property because no denying that with the ASEAN economic community of state sovereignty would fade. It must have been the challenge for Indonesia in which Indonesia should build the image of dignity as a strong state despite sharing sovereignty between ASEAN  countries. Not only has the strong ability of diplomacy Indonesian government should also set up a strong military device to build an image as a big country. Third, the market mechanism system will cause adverse monopoly power. It means, if in practice a developing country cannot adapt itself to free trade competition in AEC 2015, it can be said that country would only be a victim of other major countries which are able to dominate the market. It can be ascertained that the products made ​​in state are victims of free trade can be dead in the market. In this issue, Indonesia should know the economic actors who will compete at the AEC 2015. Where we know that most of the Indonesian economic actors come from entrepreneurs who run Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). SMEs engaged in various economic activities which are now considered by all stakeholders as an important sector in addressing the problems faced by the nation’s unemployment and poverty. The role of SMEs that currently there were approximately 55 million units and businesses throughout Indonesia, not only expected to increase employment, and tackle the problem of unemployment, but it also can accelerate regional development. It implies that the role of government is no longer only help the growth of SMEs in the national level, but how to make Indonesian SMEs can compete in the global marketplace. At least, there are three main problems faced by SMEs in Indonesia: (1) the issue of financing for capital, (2) technological issues which some SMEs still have not been able to optimize existing technology, (3) marketing issues. Associated to the three problem s mentioned above, the government should focus on solving the problem of SMEs in Indonesia given that economic actors in Indonesia are mostly SMEs. The solution is intended to provide micro-credit in the financing of capital and also not forget to provide integrated technical training on the technology used and also how to market their products efficiently. Fourth, liberalism tends to bring instability in the economy. In the free trade later, AEC 2015 will lead to price volatility and exchange rates tend to be irregular. This condition will increase the uncertainty in the national economy when a country cannot use it properly. In order to maintain economic stability and to avoid improper policy making, Indonesian government who has responsibility in fiscal economy policy and Indonesian Banks as a central bank who has responsibility in monetary economic policy makers must collaborate in analyzing free market in the 2015  AEC. In short, ASEAN Economic Community that will be implemented in the next few years is not only opportunities but also cause threats to ASEAN countries, including Indonesia. Whether Indonesia will be a state that can take the opportunity to improve their economic or otherwise become a country that is only going to become victims of exploitation for other countries is a challenge and result of Indonesia’s preparation in facing AEC 2015. Based on the perspective of liberalism, AEC 2015 which imposes free trade among ASEAN countries poses challenges to be faced by the ASEAN countries including Indonesia. These challenges can be overcome to proper preparation of the Indonesian government to national development programs that are appropriate and sustainable in the various sectors in order to achieve the success of Indonesia in the ASEAN Economic Community 2015. Bibliography Ikbar, Yanuar.2013.Ekonomi Politik Global 1.Bandung: Rafika Aditama http://www.asean.org/communities/asean-economic-community accessed on Monday, 9 December 2013. Indra Maipita. Liberalisasi dan Globalisasi Perdagangan. 2002. Retrieved from http://www.scribd.com/doc/13312233/LIBERALISASI-DAN-GLOBALISASI-PERDAGANGAN-INTERNASIONAL-by-Indra-Maipita accessed on Monday, 9 December 2013. Departemen Perdagangan Republik Indonesia: Buku Menuju ASEAN Economic Community 2015. (http://ditjenkpi.kemendag.go.id/website_kpi/Umum/Setditjen/Buku%20Menuju%20ASEAN%20ECONOMIC%20COMMUNITY%202015.pdf). http://www.smescoindonesia.com/infos/news/read/95 accessed on Tuesday, December 10, 2013. http://finance.detik.com/read/2013/10/05/104457/2378640/1036/di-forum-apec-2013-syarief-hasan-beberkan-3-masalah-ukm-indonesia accessed on Tuesday, December 10, 2013. ——————————————– [ 2 ]. http://www.asean.org/communities/asean-economic-community accessed on Monday, 9 December 2013. [ 3 ]. Indra Maipita. Liberalisasi dan Globalisasi Perdagangan. 2002. Retrieved from http://www.scribd.com/doc/13312233/LIBERALISASI-DAN-GLOBALISASI-PERDAGANGAN-I NTERNASIONAL-by-Indra-Maipita accessed on Monday, 9 December 2013. [ 4 ]. Departemen Perdagangan Republik Indonesia: Buku Menuju ASEAN Economic Community 2015. (http://ditjenkpi.kemendag.go.id/website_kpi/Umum/Setditjen/Buku%20Menuju%20ASEAN%20ECONOMIC%20COMMUNITY%202015.pdf). [ 5 ]. http://www.smescoindonesia.com/infos/news/read/95 accessed on Tuesday, December 10, 2013. [ 6 ]. Ibid. [ 7 ]. http://finance.detik.com/read/2013/10/05/104457/2378640/1036/di-forum-apec-2013-syarief-hasan-beberkan-3-masalah-ukm-indonesia accessed on Tuesday, December 10, 2013.

Romanticism And Its Culture - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 577 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Art Essay Level High school Tags: Romanticism Essay Did you like this example? Romanticism and Its Culture Out of all of the topics we had to choose from for our first first Special Investigation assignment, I thought that Romanticism and Its Culture was probably the most interesting to research. When you break it down, it can come down to many different aspects. Romanticism and its culture was culturally best represented in the time from from roughly 1800 to 1850. To really understand what is Romanticism and Culture, it can be broken down into many different ways. According to enotes.com, they suggested a list of information that I found helpful to really understand what all was going on. Characteristics of the Romanticism Period were thought to have been represented by individuality/democracy/personal freedom, spiritual/supernatural elements, nature as a teacher, interest in past history/ancient greek and roman elements, celebration of the simple life, interest in the rustic/pastoral life, interest in folk, and so on and so forth. (Ashley 1) Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Romanticism And Its Culture" essay for you Create order A couple other specific ideas to dive into hat are interpreted during the Romantic Period also included the generalization of nature, myth, emotion, symbols, and ideas about the self and individualism (Yourdictionary.com). In this paper, Id specifically like the point out and talk about the Brothers Grimm Private library to try and highlight the Romantic period and its culture throughout this time. I may be a little biased, but I truly enjoy these stories and I feel as though they really bring evidence to what the time period really was and what it brought to the table. The fact that these stories are also read and valued so highly today speaks volumes in itself. Even though they may be referred to as some watered down version written by Disney, there are many stories retold today that were based off of legendary stories written in the romantic period. Here are just a few examples of the stories that many of us all know and love today: Cinderella, The Frog Prince, The Goose-G irl, Hansel and Gretel, Hansel and Gretel, Rapunzel, Rumpelstiltskin, Sleeping Beauty, and Snow White. It was published in two volumes, in 1812 and in 1815. (Pullman 1) A lot of the time when we think or talk about Brotherrs Grimm, you oftentimes think of just the two brothers that who copiously wrote their hearts out to get the finished produce of the stories we know today. When in all actuality, there were actually several. According to Associatesdegree.com, it stated that the Grimm family actually had nine children toal but only six had survived through infancy(Curtis 1). Within their large family, they had manu brothers. Out of all of the siblings, there was only one sister. When I had read this, it made me laugh because it reminded me so much of my large family and me being the eldest, only girl (Curtis 1). Even though there were so many boys, a lot of the male figures in their lives died in their early lives. Both their father and their grandfather died early, leaving the family in dire straits. The Grimm brothers seem to favor stories with the female characters in focus, and scholars believe this may be due to the loss of these male figures in their lives (Curtis 1). When people go to try and visit where the birthplace of the plague and statue of the brothers Grimm, they are actually across from the street from the home where they were born the original home was destroyed in world war two(Curtis 1).

Our Goals For 2016 Are Focused On Increasing Shareholder...

â€Å"Shareholder value. Our goals for 2016 are primarily focused on increasing shareholder value.† As I watched many of my colleagues being escorted out of the building on a Wednesday morning in March 2016, my thoughts wandered back to those words spoken at our most recent employee forum from the previous month. Our CEO was on his annual tour of the country speaking to thousands of employees along the way. The message was a positive one. Success in 2015! Projects completed, money saved, and improved customer satisfaction. All of these accomplishments made possible by the innovative and hardworking staff working both behind the scenes and on the frontlines. Now, it was time for new challenges. The message was clear as our CEO†¦show more content†¦Surely if it was attached to a name, they wouldn’t have let my colleague go. If it was attached to a name, they would have remembered that he took a lower paying position with the company just over one year ago because management convinced him it was a more stable, longer-term position. They would have known that h e had finally saved enough and just bought his first home one month prior. They would have known that he takes care of his elderly mother. If it was attached to a name they would have known that he came to Canada to find a better life and was in the middle of a two-year application process to sponsor his wife to move to Canada. But they didn’t know. How could they know? He was one of tens of thousands of employees. By outsourcing some of the work to a firm from China, the company could potentially save millions of dollars in Operating Expenses. At the end of the day, really, management was making a calculated decision to place â€Å"shareholder value† over the value of their employees. This is a challenge with being a manager in the world of globalization. When making decisions, it’s tempting to not attach names, to not attach faces, and to get caught wearing blinders with your gaze solely focused on bottom line figures. To be fair, top level managers are primarily judged on their ability to improve profitability. If they can’t deliver financial success, they will most likely not be a top level manager for very long. Globalization is a viable

Quality Improvement in Nursing Essay - 1427 Words

Quality Improvement Project Answering the call light (also called call bell a handheld like that is attached to the patient room wall, above the headboard of the bed) in a timely manner by the nursing staff in hospital setting is necessary to prevent falls that can harm, prolonged stays, and unnecessarily increase the cost of healthcare. However, researches concerning call light uses as it relates to patient safety, patient-care management and patient satisfaction are limited (Meade et al. 2006). Patients and their families emphasize that nurses should monitor patients constantly and provide assistance and answer a call light in a timely manner (Yoder, 2011). Note that the falls may be caused by several factors such as†¦show more content†¦If there is a fall with injury, the manager has the ability to go back and check how long the call light was on prior to a fall. However, this information is not used to prevent and emphasize the relationship between the length of time a call light is on and the rate of fall. Most nurses and patient care technicians are not aware that the manager can back-track the call light and find out this information. To measure the rate of falls to the length of time a call light is answered, the nurse working on the project choose the histogram. This illustrates the length of time in the Y axis and the rate of falls in the X axis during the period of study (time frame). The histogram itself will include a control group, average answers, and delay answers to call light. This example was imported and modified from a previous study done comparing the numbers of call lights and nursing rounds by (Meade et al. 2006). A realistic goal of this study is to reduce the fall related to a delay in answering the call light to less than the standard national data base that can be found in National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI). The nurse will be able to compare the data obtained on the unit to similar hospital units by referencing (benchmarking) to the national data from NDNQI. There will be a follow up study and gradual modification of the plan in order to achieve the outcome. The team has to setShow MoreRelatedQuality Improvement in Nursing1925 Words   |  8 Pagesfalls. Policy changes are one of the many issues that a quality improvement nurse will address in her field. Nursing is a growing and evolving field that changes with new initiatives, government regulations, and technology. There is great demand in the field and new nurses are constantly called to meet the needs of patients. As the population of our country ages, the number of nurses needed to meet these demands will increase. 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Extra Sensory Perception Essay Example For Students

Extra Sensory Perception Essay Have you ever had the feeling that youve been in an establishment beforeyouve actually gone inside? Did you ever feel like youve known thatsomething was about to happen before there were any signs that it was about tooccur? If youre not a skeptic about the powers of the mind, then there mightjust be an explanation for your seemingly coincidental premonitions. Its aphenomenon called extra sensory perception, better known as ESP. The textbookdefinition of this classification of parapsychology is sensinganything beyond the normal.(www.paranormalatoz. com) Most scientists do notbelieve that this phenomenon exists. Nevertheless, controversial evidence can beused to sway the incredulous. By viewing and researching evidence of ESP and/orhaving a personal experience, the truth lies within the eye of the beholder. Theman who said it best was C. G. Jung during a lecture given to the Society forPsychical Research in 1919. He quotes, I shall not commit the fashionablestupidity of regarding everything I cannot explain as a fraud. (http://moebius. psy)ESP includes telepathy, precognition or premonition, and clairvoyance orremote viewing.(www.paranormalatoz.com) Telepathy is the directresponse to another individuals thoughts. (Schmeidler,805) Premonition is adirect response to a future event.(Schmeidler,805) Clairvoyance is the directresponse to a future event.(Schmeidler,805) These types of ESP and other formsof parapsychology were not even studied until 1882.(Schmeidler,806) In 1882, theSociety for Psychical Research was established in London , England by aextraordinary group of Cambridge scholars. Its purpose was to examine allegedlyparanormal phenomena in a scientific and unbiased way. It was the first societyof its kind in the world. (http://moebius.psy) This society is still in fulloperation today, 117 years later. The actual term extra sensory perceptionwasnt used until the early 1930s. During this time an American scientist,Joseph Banks Rhine first began his ground breaking experiments testing ESPsvalidity.(Encarta) His research was conducted at the Parapsychology Laboratoryof North Carolinas, Duke University.(Encarta) Rhines most well-knownexperiment involved a deck of twenty-five cards. On the cards, written in heavyblack ink, each card had a different design on them. The designs included astar, a cross, a square, or wavy lines.(Encarta) The concealed deck oftwenty-five cards was shuffled. One random card was drawn from the deck at atime and the test subject was asked to identify the hidden marking on theflip-side of the card. If the test subject correctly identified five out oftwenty five cards correctly, it was considered pure chance.(Encarta) Rhine andhis associates concluded that if the individual named six out of ten of thecards correctly, then indeed the test subject possessed extra sensoryperception.(Encarta) From his experimentally proved evidence, it can easily beseen which stand Rhine took on the controversial existence of ESP. However, notall scientists had acknowledged the authenticity of his trials and thelegitimacy of this branch of pseudo-science called parapsychology. Certainscientists do not believe in the reality of extrasensory perception due to theirlack of faith in the experiments that test its existence. These scientistsclaim that the ESP experiments are hard to if not impossible to repeat.(Encarta)In researching, scientists also observed that test results differ according tothe subjects attitude. Individuals that had biased opinions of the ESPtesting did not score nearly as high as those who were open-minded toward theexperiment. (Schmeidler 805) Psychologists analyzing the testing methodsconcluded that the subjects who doubted the credibility of extrasensoryperception were consciously trying to succeed in the testing, but could havebeen unconsciously wanting to fail.(Schmeidler 805) This is an example of whatscientists call the file drawer effect. This is better explained bystating that the results that the experimenter likes are published, butother results stay buried in the files. This makes it hard to know ifinformation given is accurate or falsely misinterpreted. .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 , .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .postImageUrl , .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 , .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7:hover , .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7:visited , .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7:active { border:0!important; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7:active , .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7 .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua94cc8709d73fcd00edb25bf87c8e8d7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Antigone And Creon (2406 words) Essay(Schmeidler 806) Thismain recognition of possible false data is why the majority of conventionalscientists disregard the findings made in the field of parapsychology. Thediscoveries are labeled unscientific or at best inconclusive. However, even ifthe most solid evidence is found to conclude that ESP does in fact exist, therewill always be the skeptical scientist who will feel that the entire basis onwhich parapsychology is grounded is nothing but a fraud. Perfect examples ofthis ignorance are psychologists, Samuel Moss and Donald C. Butler. Bothpsychologists are set in denying the existence of ESP despite seeminglywell-founded evidence. Their mutual view is that the widespread belief in extrasensory perception can be, attributed to cultural and psychologicalfactors.(Rubenstein,46) For example, Christian theology supports thepresence of spiritual phenomena. (Rubenstein,46) According to Moss and Butlerchildren might also be prone to believing in ESP because of fairy tales andtelevision shows featuring heroes that possess supernatural powers. This wouldbe an acceptable explanation for ESP fraudulence , except for the blatantlynoticeable fact that children arent normally found setting up their ownfortune telling businesses claiming to predict the future. The adult populationmakes up the majority of people who publicly profess their telepathic orpremonition abilities. However, overall Moss and Butler believe that the,power to predict and control without undue effort is alluring thatwishful thinking becomes hardened beliefs. Which undoubtedly explainsthose among us that have proceeded from their childhoods still believing thatthe powers of their favorite super human idols are in fact real. Not allscientists conform to one set method of reasoning. One of these psychologists,K. Ramakrishna Rao has fought back against the negative remarks made bypsychologists who do not accept the existence of ESP. Rao argues thatindifferently to what other scientists believe, that experimental design ofsuccessful experiments in parapsychology are just as good as any in thebehavioral sciences.(Rubnstein, 58) Parapsychologists, even tried to convinceconventional scientists that ESP is in fact a sixth sense with support fromquantum physics.(Encarta) Why should the same experimental methods be used totest two completely different areas of study? It doesnt make sense. This wasRaos point exactly, that it was unjust to compare two uncommon things andjudge between the two on which is correct. The main complaint of theconventional scientists, was that the parapsychology experiments lacked a keyfactor in scientific discovery methods. This factor being repetition. Rao alsoargued that experiments involving extrasensory perception were indeed repeatedto a certain extent.(Rubnstein, 58) However, the scientists based their argumentover parapsychology on inadequate testing procedures alone. The rebuttal to thatargument was exactly what Rao had believed in all along. Simply thatthe scientific method, as currently understood, is too restrictive aformulation for exploring the unknown.(Encarta) Since the early, groundbreaking experiments of Joseph Banks Rhine, the parapsychology world has come along way. Announcing his retirement in 1965, Joseph Banks Rhine transferred allof research to an organization called the Foundation for Research on the Natureof Man. (Encarta) Since that, parapsychology has become better established inuniversities across the nation. Educational institutes are beginning to offermore credit courses based upon the field of parapsychology. (Encarta)Encouraging the further exploration of the field involving extrasensoryperception, grants are presented to various organizations such as theParapsychological Association and the American Association for the Advancementof Science. Though most conventional scientists continue to discreditextrasensory perception, there is some evidence that almost everyone has atleast some faint ESP ability. How else could something as seemingly coincidentalas mothers intuition be explained? History tells us stories ofESP as well. For example, what about the enlightenment of a 12 year old girl,Jean DArc, who saved the nation of France because of her foretelling visions?The fact is that, there is evidence out there. Getting individuals to believe inits substantiality is another battle. Despite this, soon enough, throughcontinuous research and testing of parapsychology, the evidence that currentlyexists will be proven valid and these inquiries and many others concerning theunknown will be answered. .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e , .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .postImageUrl , .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e , .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e:hover , .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e:visited , .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e:active { border:0!important; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e:active , .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub42c3e69a907a8f3c2c752ba2553c95e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Trifles Essay The real question is, can anyone predict when?BibliographyMicrosoft Encarta 1997 Encyclopedia. Physical Research. Ó1993-1996Microsoft Corporation. Rubnstein, Joseph and Slife, Brent D. Has ScienceDiscredited ESP?. Taking Sides: Clashing Views on ControversialPsychological Issues. 3rd edition. The Dushkin Publishing Group, Inc. SluiceDock, Guilford, CT. 1984. pp.46-59 Schmeidler, Gertrude. ExtrasensoryPerception. The Encyclopedia Americana. International Edition. GrolierIncorporated. Danbury, CT. 1997. Vol.10. pp.805 806 http://moebius.psy.ed.ac.uk/~spr/www.paranormalatoz.com/esp.htmlPsychology