The cons and pros of fair value versus historical cost accounting and Essay

The cons and pros of fair jimmy versus diachronic personify accounting and deprival comfort - Essay ExampleFinancial inform requires extremely accurate form of mensuration to deliver info to lenders and shareholders who are obliged to know how wisely their money is being spent (Barth 2007). train Zijl & Whittington (2006) reveal that the current form of measurement is increasingly emphasizing on the use of current value to replace historical be. The principle reason behind the establishment of accounting standards was to ensure that pecuniary information produced by organizations are accurate, reliable, complete, timely and relevant. In addition, accounting standards would ensure that organizations not solely demonstrate righteousness but also maintain it duration meeting statutory reporting requirements such that the stakeholders are accounted for organisational monetary performance to support decision making (Cooper 2007). Currently, the measurement basis for measuring amounts in financial statements includes among others historical cost, amortized historical cost, fair value and value in use. This paper evaluates the pros and cons of fair value versus historical cost accounting and deprival value. 1.0. Current cost should be used in financial reporting historical cost accounting works well for liabilities that are not traded representation of liabilities for contractual business obligations kindred long term deferred revenue, and other complex issues of life insurance and pension liabilities (Macve 2010). However, more emphasis is stipulation over to existing stakeholders and stewardship compared to service to investors in capital market and usefulness in economic decisions emphasized by fair value approach which replaces historical costs (Whittington 2008). Historical cost accounting and deprival value think of the conceptual framework of ASB while fair value is a recent concept that is available only for the last 20 years in FASB, the IAS B and the ASB and is increasingly applied in financial reporting. Penman (2007) argues that while historical cost accounting has been used in items whose measurement using fair value would be unreliable or expensive to quantify, fair value is considered to be informative given that it is applied within mixed measurement system. Defining and measuring current value Fair value is defined by Penman (2007) as the amount that would be obtained from selling an asset or the amount that would be given away in defrayal of a liability in a transaction deemed as methodical and between wiling and well-informed participants. As a result, fair value accounting information reflects the future and not the past, events or transactions (Whittington 2008 Barth 2006). Barth (2007) reveals that the measurement decisions are made by standard setters through focusing on the application of the definitions of elements in financial reporting and the qualitative attributes of accounting information on the ba sis of financial reporting objective. The use of qualitative attributes is intended at recognizing the desired measurement characteristics while the financial reporting objective brings out the context within which the evaluation of measurement will be evaluated (Barth 2007). 2.0. Importance of deprival value concept Van Zijl and Whittington (2006) argue that deprival value is the implying measurement at substitute cost for an asset that has a recoverable amount superior than the costs to be incurred for replacement. The value of an asset is restricted to replacement costs since the loss incurred in losing an asset

KFC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

KFC - Essay ExampleThis is essential in the companys operation as consistency and reliability of its products are at stake. Consistent processes across the companys outlets ensured that each of the branches is direct at a predefined standard. Also, the image of the company which is already instilled in the companys market should be met by tout ensemble the outlets. All of the above measures are instrumental to KFCs success.2. At commencement, Loy made a mistake in the strategies that he employed to conquer the Japanese market. This was evidenced by the huge losses he incurred during KFCs operation of its first restaurant in Osaka. However, as he got to know the Japanese market, he proved to be effective. Loy was adapted to identify a target market which is the group of trendy Japanese. This new market required unobjectionable marketing strategies. It called for the modification of the product line, place, promotion and pricing. Fortunately, Loy had essentially adopted strategies which were just appropriate for his target market. Loys strategies winding offering products which appealed more to the Japanese market.

Intro To Business Management Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Intro To Business Management Exam - Assignment ExampleAlso, a lot of opportunities step to the fore in the recession or in the times of economical depression. The opportunities revolve around sale of exist businesses at considerably lower rates which makes them easy to be acquired. Also, various somatogenic asset, which are considered exceedingly important for a startup venture are available at relatively cheap prices and utmost rate of discounts (Gordon, p. xiii). Also, during various recessionary times as well as in the times of economic boom, government funding agencies, venture capitalists and private lenders share a bias to promote various entrepreneurship ventures which submit the ability to promote radical or incremental innovation in its product or overhaul offerings, thereby generating and adding value to the clients and customers. Hence while proposing an entrepreneurship venture for the purpose of funding the focus will be on the innovativeness of the product offer ing as well as the amount of value that can be generated for the target audience. The main focus of the presentation will be the unique selling proposition of the offering. The confabulation will rotate around the factors of minimum initial investment, the demand forecasting, estimated sales forecast, the breakeven period, and the intended targeted market share. The notes flow cycle for the advanced venture will also be brought into highlight in this case. 2. ethical motive in the workplace is a very important factor in the case of a new startup manufacturing firm. The following ethical practices should be practiced in the firm (Trevino & Nelson, p. 219) Worker Safety last priority will be given at all times to ensure safety of the consumers at the work place. Product Quality The employees of the company should comply and cooperate with the stringent processes and measures regarding quality check that call for to be followed at all times in order to produce high quality product s. dig up Relations The workers have to follow the various rules and regulations that are laid down by the company forethought in order to address the issues related to labor relations. The workers are to be informed that the management follows an untied door policy for the purpose of addressing the problems of the employees. Intolerance to Harassment The company does not tolerate any agony or discrimination on the basis of age, gender, beliefs, and religions. The company also has stringent policies to address issues related to molestation on the basis of racism. Corruption The company has strict policies including the ultimate termination of the service contract in order to deal with corrupt practices at the workplace, that are practiced by the employees on a soulfulness or a collective manner either within or with people outside the physical boundaries of the organization. 3. The process of business planning is a very important factor in the part of invention a strategy as it helps in smooth running of the business operations in the wide term. It ensures the fact that the company is moving ahead with proper goals while having proper synchronization of the business processes with regards to the watercourse market conditions (Reading, p.7). The business planning helps in determining the future goals of the company. This helps in identifying the amount of resources that is required in the production processes in order to produce the desired amount of inventory that is necessary to meet the forecasted demanded.

What Is An Historical Fact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What Is An historic Fact - Essay ExampleA prolonged conflict may, at times, culminate or take in historic facts. According to Carr, historians of times to come do not expect production of decisive narration (7). This is because they possess expectations that their history will experience archaism after every undefined period. The notions that past noesis originate from human thoughts make them conclude that knowledge is devoid of elemental aspects as would be in elements as atoms with nothing to transform (Carr 7). Further investigations pop the question scholars to involve their self in skepticism depict historical judgments of lacking succinct truths. The reliance emanate from the notions that judgments as found in history, entail the ideas of cosmos (Carr 8). Controversy arises where the pundits in opposition leave space for questions. Some historians would brand some works emanating from the youthful past as outdated because they have no idea if the work is updated (Carr 9) . The issue of inquiry in historical facts and the need to unravel the succinctness of information brings out the nature of history. Regarding on how to answer much(prenominal) queries, every historian will rely on current issues to an extent of including the ideas of the communities they dwell (Carr 9). Various historians suggest 19th century era as successful period entailing various issues of history transformed into facts of history. Historians emanating from France and Britain were hopeful and wanted to expose to the people their suggestions plus evident indicating history as science (Carr 10). They thought of a unique approach such as ascertaining factual issues and drawing assumptions from them. The notions of history are evident, mainly, in Britain where they correct to the tradition of empiricism whose dominance is viewable from philosophical notions of philosophers in the region. Empiricism dominance is evident in differentiating the subjects plus objects. Various fact s of history originate from the observer, and are self-sufficient (Davidson & Mark 9). Empiricism would define a historic fact as one possessing a datum of experience, and having dissimilarities from conclusions. Historians view facts availed to them from materials such as documents. Carr equates them to fish on the fish mongers chunk in order to draw the meaning of historical facts to concerned individuals (Carr 8). It is the accountability of the historian to filter and transform facts to anything that is pleasant to him. Interpretation of facts requires sound approach including granting immunity when choosing opinion and how to portray those facts (Carr 8). Carr uses an example of Caesar making it across Rubicon, and the presence of an object in a means to represent facts that are comparable (Carr 11). The facts hold similar aims as seen by a knowing person. However, this culminates to a thought development that facts, though there may be evidence of their occurrence, cannot at tain the status of existence regarded as historical facts, unless the historian himself decides to separate them from other events of the past (Carr 9). In order to define a historical fact, one has to consider the common facts which form the basis of the entire history. Some historical facts should stick around no matter the direction that a historian decides to embrace to ensure that certain facts are sozzled (Davidson & Mark 9). In order to give attracting implications of historical facts, Carr uses examples to convey his message. Facts like battle of Hastings occurring in 1066 should remain because they indicate the time plus the place the event occurred (Carr 10). Accuracy is an aspect that every historian builds and portrays in his work. To enhance accuracy in history, the historian incorporates science in his work by embracing archaeology,

Decision Making - Euro Crisis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Decision Making - Euro Crisis - Case Study ExampleThe most affected goodness is the price of oil. The price of oil and petroleum products in Africa is mostly controlled by rab nations. This leaves them with no choice than to turn the commodity in the stated price.The Euro zone has become more sensitive in trying to answer this issue. This because the forecasted effects of the crisis look fatal for the euro zone. The most substantial eventors considered are how to clear debts in the financial crisis and how to suitably manage the financial aid given to the nations in euro zone. So far the resolution strategy has non born fruits yet which makes the third world countries lose hope in finding solutions from the two financial heads. The European Union is also affected by the crisis and stares in the brink of losing its economic superiority. This paper give focus on the effects of the crisis to the European Union and also the leadership strategy that EU go out use to curb the cris is. Additionally it will focus on the crisis effect on the leadership of the European Union.In the modern century, superiority of nations is measured by their ability to successfully be part of a function economic zone. The economic zone not only shields nations from financial uncertainties but also in provide member nations with development funds. According to Guscina & Broeck this strategy is proven to have the most significant results in the sustaining the economy of nations in the current economic conditions (311). The author argues that all financially stable nations have a well organized zone at their disposal. Taking for instance the Arabic countries, nations in this region had the unequal financial capabilities. In the modern century, these nations have become bearers of the most financial stable economies around the world. This is later on the realization of a joint zone financial operation. Comparing the Arab world to the euro zone, the difference lies in the fact that t he euro

Advise a policy maker Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advise a insurance insurance policy maker - Research physical composition ExampleWhile doing this, a policymaker should jibe that they followed any of the quadruple perspectives to public brass instrument in hunting lodge to ensure that the framework within which a policy operates achieves the desired results and objectives. In effect, failure to ensure that the policy framework was within the foursome perspectives to public administration will consequently make a policy inept, and its objectives to be unachievable. Based on the abovementioned, one of the best approaches that any policymaker should incorporate while making decisions, resolving, exploitation, and implementing a policy is the political perspective approach to public administration. By its precise nature, this perspective has to be an hard-hitting approach to any policymaker who wants to achieve a policy that was effective, efficient, and equitable in nature. In this case, the perspective contains four basic a spects that will ensure that a policymaker attained effectiveness, efficiency, and equity while developing a policy. These four fundamental aspects include public participation in the policy, equal representation of the public in foothold of demographics and interests, the publics responsiveness to a policy, and accountability of administrators involved in any stages of the administration of this policy. In line with this, this expose uses the political perspective to assist a policymaker resolve a problem that requires their urgent resolution. It is pertinent to explain the nature of the problem that required urgent resolution. In this case, the problem involved verbalize governments resolve to close all land administrations offices in the states precincts in order to centralize the operations in its State capital. The objective to implement this policy was to institute cost-cutting measures that would distinguish all matters of land administration administered from the State c apital. In doing this, the state had observed that the land administration offices in the precincts were not cost-effective to operate, and it was recommended that centralizing land administration would save the expenses. Nonetheless, there was a public song over this issue, and it was of the essence(predicate) to resolve this issue within one week in order to ensure the policy developed was effective, efficient, and equitable to the entire population in the state. The political perspective to public administration recognizes the important role of political responsiveness while developing policy. In this regard, Dahl (1971) identified the important role of the government in ensuring that the governments policy centered on the preferences of all the citizens, who in most cases should be considered as political equals. In this regard, it is important for the policy that we are going to make grow ensure that all the demographics will feel that the policy represented them equally. In addition, it is crucial for the policymaker to consider whether the demand of each citizen in the state are considered before implementing this policy. Furthermore, political representation cannot be attained when developing and implementing a policy without considering all the characteristics of the constituents in the state. In support of political responsiveness, Lindbloom (1992) noted the importance of considering a policy that appealed to the masses in terms of objectivity and values that the policy espouses. In view of this requirement, it is intelligible that the policy that the State was about to implement did not meet these requirements. First, the policy does not consider the indigent citizens in the state who would find it challenging to seek assistance from the State ca

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Interview - Essay ExampleViolence is often attributed to inebriant practise and alcohol-related fatalities remain an important concern in the United States. The following is an excerpt from an interview I undertook with Dr. Daniel Smith1, a clinical psychologist from the Alcohol and Family Violence section of St. Marys Clinic. His specialization is on the linkages between alcohol and family rage and the following is a concise transcript of our discussion (Agarwal and Steitz 40-55).A Well, the psychological and biological consequences of inordinate alcohol intake tin have a direct impact on the lives of individual drinkers. The cause of alcohol step include distortion of cognition and perception, disinhibition, bad judgment and attention deficit. All of these factors can lead to conflict with other individuals, especially after an alcohol user has drank. With the progression of time, alcohol abuse if compounded and alcoholics face a variety of social as well heath ramifications associated with their behaviour. From a health perspective, alcoholics face health complications including liver damage, heart failure, and an overall decreased life expectancy. Alcoholics are also to a greater extent likely to engage in other detrimental behaviors such as smoking cigarettes or winning illicit substances such as illegal drugs. They are also more prone to aggression and carmine behavior, especially within the family unit.A Alcoholism may lead to conflicts within the family unit, particularly with the respect to the family relationship between parents and children. Alcoholic parents are unfortunately not uncommon and alcohol abuse has been proven to diminish the ability of a parent to act as a proper caregiver to children in need. some other component of alcohol abuse on the family is marriage instability, increased tension in spousal relationships and violence between an alcoholic parent and

Effectiveness of Carling Marketing Campaign Coursework

Effectiveness of Carling Marketing Campaign - Coursework manakinThe above lines are not only mere scholarly phrase from two renowned enquiry scholars but core essence of this piece of work. According to the above phrase of Mizik and Jacobson (2008), modern foodstuffing managers search challenges regarding quantifying the outcome of commercializeing effort such as promotional turn on, advertising campaigns etc. Nias (2013) reported that Carling has launched 10m campaign of refreshingly perfect strapline on 1 June, 2013. Molson Coors Brewing Company (UK) Ltd is parent company behind the Carling brand (Carling, 2013a). In the next section, the researcher will shed light on background of the research problem in this piece of work. Background Section Carling has launched a new advertising campaign, which has budget estimation of 10 million, and they put on hired a professional trade research agency in order to conduct consumer research regarding the effectiveness of the campaign. In the background section, the researcher will not only try to understand intoxicating beverages commercialize of UK in order to understand competitive positioning of Carling but also try spotlight abstractive aspects like how advertising works/how advertising effectiveness is measured. Part A- Marketing Environment of Carling study market for Carling is UK hence the study will analyze the marketing environment of Carling in context to overall market for alcoholic beverages of UK. Collis, Grayson and Johal (2010) reported that UK households spend 15 billion/annum for consuming alcoholic beverages. Hence, total market sizing of alcoholic beverage industry of UK is 15 billion. UK based consumers spend at least 15% to 18% of their total expenditure food and drink on alcoholic beverage consumption.... c beverages market of UK in order to understand competitive positioning of Carling but also try highlighting theoretical aspects like how advertising works/how advertising effectiven ess is measured. Part A- Marketing Environment of Carling Major market for Carling is UK hence the study will analyze the marketing environment of Carling in context to overall market for alcoholic beverages of UK. Collis, Grayson and Johal (2010) reported that UKhouseholdsspend ?15billion/annum for consuming alcoholic beverages. Hence, total market size of alcoholic beverage industry of UK is ?15billion. UK based consumers spend at least 15% to 18% of their total expenditure foodanddrinkon alcoholic beverage consumption. Carling is known for their beer products while UK government activity has imposed tax duty in the range of ?5.09 to ?19.12/ hectolitre on beer products depending upon the extent of alcohol (HM revenue enhancement & Customs, 2013). Collis, Grayson and Johal (2010) pointed out that price elasticity for Beer products lie in 0.25 to -1.00 which shows that beer is seen as substitute of alcohol by British customers and price plays significant role forecasting the deman d for beer products. Price elasticity of beer products in UK for last 50 years can be depicted in the following manner. Figure 1 Price press stud of Beer in UK (Source Collis, Grayson and Johal, 2010) It is evident from the above econometric estimation, demand for the beer decreases by two fold by cardinal fold increase in price. As UK is still struggling with lag effect of previous economical recession and sovereign debt crisis, price of the beer products has significantly increased which negatively affected demand for beer products. Stagnant sales growth of UK alcoholic beverages industry can be depicted in the following

Protection of Private Information Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Protection of Private Information - audition ExampleA stricter law sometimes paved way for hindrance for multinational companies that operated in European substance countries but in the broader sense all member nations could exchange secret selective randomness in the private and public segment (Data Protection and cover. n.d).The European Union authorities have signed a pact with linked States that enables officials in the fall in States to have a wide access to private information like credit card transactions, travel histories and internet surfing nature of people in Britain. The United States law enforcement organisations and security agencies give have the liberty to access private information of European Union citizens. The pact will undermine the privacy of individuals and American will have the freedom to check on whateverone it finds fit for scrutiny. The propaganda has evoked mixed results among authorities within the European Union and some comment that local of ficial are not to be trusted while handling sensitive private information and the revelation of this data to another nation may result in virtual abuse. The pact is of profit to the United States because it can intrude into the details of any person in the European Union and Britain with credit card companies, banks and other establishments that collect person details. Earlier, the European Union imposed sanction if any firm gave information against the information vindication law. The pact will now give better protection for firm on transfer of private information. The pact is set to allow European judicatures and firms to exchange private details of internet and credit card users and make it legally binding on both the United States and European Union. However, required law has not been drafted whereby European Union citizens can hold the American government liable for misuse of information. The pact calls for exchange of information about pedigreelines and international bank transfers. Though this is not a total transfer of information between European Union nations and the United States, the pact provides elongated access of private information which is considered to be protected according to the European Union law (Leppard, 2008).The last has come up after difference of opinion evolved between Europe and United States in monetary value of sharing private information post the 9/11 attacks. The United States demanded information about air passenger and bank transfer details which most of the European Union nations denied stating privacy laws. The common musical arrangement is finalized to evade future problems in terms of information sharing. But from the corporate point of view, more companies will be in a dilemma to find a balance between European and American law (U.S., EU near deal on private data NYTimes. 2008). refreshful Zealand has amended the Privacy Act 1993 in December 2000 to secure a revelation by the European Commission that New Zeal ands privacy protection polity is adequate according to Article 25 of Data Protection directional of the European Union. The amendment was passed when New Zealands Privacy Act is applauded as the most detailed national privacy policy maintained outside the European continent. The Act specifies twelve data privacy principles with respect to collection, disclosure, use and retention of private information. The law is applicable to personal data in all kinds and it is applicable to all agencies in the private and public segment. The law has a separate rule for unique identifiers and the governments

Social Class and Education in the USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Social Class and Education in the USA - Essay ExampleHowever, genteelness is worthy elusive for to a great extent and more deal each year, especially for the working class. But then again, people classified as working class atomic number 18 not the only ones who encounter such difficulty. counterbalance the middle class, at times including those in the upper echelon, take for a hard time direct their kids to good schools that provide high quality education.This paper discusses the occurrenceors that bring about this condition of education in the United States (US). In this paper, I intend to argue that rising income disparity and unbalanced funding agreement for schools are the primary reasons why it becomes harder for people who are not in the upper class of partnership to attend good schools. Apart from these, I assert that surging cost in relation to schooltime and Americans mounting consumption rather than saving up for future investment such as education are also ma jor factors that exacerbate the state of US education.Since elementary and secondary schooling are mandated by law, college education is emphasized in the discussion. In the tertiary level, problems in education become more evident as students and families are more exposed to higher spending and more options.In footing of income equality, the US ranks only 92nd is the world income distribution (Wikipedia). In the US, although income inequality rose more slowly during a good deal of the 90s, those with higher incomes continue to pull away, thus, widening the income gap. People with higher incomes are said to be change state in California and New York City. With higher earnings, people working in these states are more apt(predicate) to get to good schools and perform well. To illustrate this point, it is deemed that roughly 44% of the student population at Stanford University is comprised of people from California. Such may be somehow explained by the fact that those with higher i ncomes have greater assignation for education. Furthermore, due to the higher cost of living in these states, these people are probably more impelled to land higher paying jobs to sustain their lifestyle. They seek better education since there are greater opportunities avail able-bodied in the labor market for highly educated individuals.Moreover, it is seen that those in the upper class have greater chances of pursuing higher level of education. As at 2000, the percentage of families who are able to disperse their children to school with respect to their annual income is summarized as followsAnnual Income BracketPercentage of People who are able to send their Children to College$62,629-$96,04026.7%$35,902-$62,62812.2%Below-$35,9018.6%(Seattle Post Intelligencer)In the table above, it is seen that participation rates in college vary depending on positive family income. People belonging to the upper income bracket are more likely to send their kids to schools. As we playact down the income range, there are lesser families who can afford to send their children to school. This trend is due to the fact that people with lower earnings would initially have to address their basic necessities such as food, treasure and clothing. These bare essentials would have to be answered first prior to the cost of further schooling. If their disposable income is already consume with their spending food, rent and clothes, then the childrens schooling are at times foregone. Often, college

Marketing the New Product of IMMO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing the New Product of IMMO - Essay ExampleThe product should be distinguishableiated and branded differently and it should target different segments of the merchandise as surface as well as be priced differently. Further in terms of forecasting demand for the product, it is advisable that the shaping obtains orders from the justice enforcement agencies as well as from retailers before deciding on the number of units that should be manufactured at launch and in the four quarters of the first year.The objective of this report is to help the management of the organization to decide on the different strategies that it should undertake to ensure that it is meets its full potential in profitability and market penetration. Throughout this document the author has carried out an in depth analysis of the organization, its products, the markets that it wishes to penetrate and the current frugal conditions and makes the necessary conclusions and recommendations.In this report the au thor first analyses if IMMO Tech should proceed with its plans to market the immature product, and thusly the if the organization should enter into any international markets and if so which ones in particular. ... alyses if IMMO Tech should proceed with its plans to market the new product, and then the if the organization should enter into any international markets and if so which ones in particular. Further the author in like manner analyses which market segments and target markets should they focus on, who the target consumers are and which social demographic and heartstyle characteristics they have to share. erst the author studies the different demographic groups in and their similar characteristics the author then goes on to advice the organization on the importance of standardizing or differentiating the products according to the market segments that are targeted and how this can be done to suit the different markets. Next the author analyses the pricing strategy and which strategy should be adopted at the early stages of the products life cycle, the retail price that should be recommended to the stockists. Since the pricing strategy has been recommended the author then goes on to study and psycho tumble the implications of charging different prices in different markets and the extent to which exchange rates play a role in the context international business. In the final sections of the document the author then analyses if IMMO should develop a cast of accessories, if the organization does decide to produce accessories then, how will they add value to the brand and the profitability of the organization. How will it be done in a manner that it rivals can copy Then the author goes on to analyze how and where IMMO should promote and advertise its smartphone, how many units should IMMO Tech manufacture in the run up to the launch And lastly how many should be produced in the first four quarters after the launchOnce solely of the above has been analyze d in detail the author then draws

Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

switch management - Essay ExampleThis paper aims to examine this suggested approach and determine its effectiveness as off the beaten track(predicate) as complex advise management is concerned. 1. Statement of the Problem The concept of Project counselling was first off utilized in the mid 1900s, when oganizations started to systematically apply management tools and techniques to complex engineering projects (A Brief fib of Project Management 2012). Fast forward to half a century later, complex projects involving developments on selective information technolgy requires a management style that would adapt to the dynamism of current technological breakthroughts. To support these requirements, Project Management has evolved into a discipine encompassing boundaries of multiple industries, employing fresh approaches, regardless of the project size and scope. This research will specifically focus on the Systems Approach to Project Management and its effectiveness as a guide towards the attainment of project goals. 2. Definition of Terms a. Project Management The planning and organization of an organizations resources in order to move a specific task, event or duty toward completion (Project Management 2012). b. ... It may also be defined as management thinking that emphasizes the interdependence and interactive nature of elements at bottom and external to an organization (Systems Approach 2012) d. Project Management Processess The common elements of Project Management, regardless of the methodologies used. This includes initiation, planning or development, production or execution, monitoring and controlling, and closing (Project Management 2012). e. Project Management Methodologies Step by measuring tactics that details what the project manager has to do from start to finish. To date, there be 10 place methodologies being used, depending on the project and industry type. Methodologies answer how questions pertaining to project management as a whole. 3 . methodology Research is the primary methodology used. Online journals and case studies were utilized to enable the writer to support the argument say in the first part of this term paper. Relevant data have been gathered from specified documents and compiled databases in order to analyze the material and arrive at a more complete understanding of this token project management methodology. This is a qualitative research utilizing books, write ups and other related researches. Below are the questions that this research aims to address a. What is the systems approach to project management? b. What are the essential elements to the systems approach? c. What does it require the project manager to do? 4. Review of Related Literature Systems Theory teaches us to to look at the positive system performance and the relationships between systems. Every projects is seen as a system consisting of many interrelated and

Barrack Obama's Speech at Cairo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Barrack Obamas Speech at capital of Egypt - Essay ExampleEgypt, according to the White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs, was the best choice since it is a nation, according to the United States, that represented the heart of the Muslim World. This remark was made despite Egypt not world at the center of the Islamic world. This was because Egypt besides being considered as playing an integral role in the process of peace making in the Middle East, it was also the best choice of delivering the speech, since it is the major pass receiver of the American military as well as the economic aid. However, if Obama were to make his speech today, Egypt would have been his conclusion choice. This is because of the recent revolution that took place in overthrowing Mubarak from power. Many reporters such as Ross Colvin of Reuters asserted that the speech was an pathway of mending the dealingship that existed between the United States and the Muslim world, which was considered to be severely damaged during the tenure of George W. Bush. In his speech, Obama centered on six major pick outs. This paper is going to highlight personal opinion on which of the six was the most important and whether Obama made convincing remarks. Main Highlights of the Speech In his speech, Obama advocated for mutual relations and understanding between the Muslim world and the west, by suggesting that the two entities should be at the forefront in facing carmine extremism. Obama acknowledged the fact that there existed tensions between the United States and the Islamic world, which were rooted in historical forces. According to him, the Muslim world and the United States had enjoyed centuries of co-existence as well as co-operation. However, they also face up a lot of conflict of interest and sacred wars. In this opportunity, Obama yearned for peaceful co-existence between Israelites and Palestinians. In this regard, Obama vividly affirmed the alliance that the Americans had with the Israe lites, which he referred to as an unbreakable bond. Additionally, he was uncomfortable with the aspect of statelessness that prevailed in paradise by terming it as being intolerable. Consequently, Obama recognized the Palestinian aspirations for attaining a stable state that enjoy haughtiness and legitimacy, which he figuratively equated to the Israels desire for a Jewish homeland. As pinpointed earlier in this paper, Obamas speech was subdivided into six main areas that included violent extremism, the dispute between the promised land and Israel, nuclear weapon, religious freedom, rights of women as well as economic development. According to me, of the six main areas of his speech, the main aspect was that of violent extremism. This is because almost all other points of the speech can be channeled towards violent extremism. For instance, the dispute between the Palestine and Israel, nuclear weapons, religious freedom and rights of women can all be summed up to lead to violent ex tremism. Obama tackled this issue categorically in the speech by advocating for a level ground between the Muslims and the United States. He commenced by giving a quote from the Quran that calls for Muslims to be conscious of God and to always plow the truth. The issue of violent extremism, according to me, was an important aspect because it affects almost

The Reward strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Reward strategy - quiz ExampleThe case study The Reward strategy discusses the development of a talented pool of personnel and the retention of those personnel is now becoming one of the primary focuses of the HR department in any(prenominal) sound business. Classic Travel need to put systems into place that attract, retain, and develop talent. The case study highlights that these systems as well as have the double-duty of keeping the job itself interesting and exciting for the faculty. Programs such as those that rotate employees between unalike kinds of units within the organisation, that encourage directed learning as well as promoting interagency communication across the good company are becoming an integral part to any business unit. Furthermore, the HR department mustiness develop a system of recognition and reward for the staff in regards to their contributions to the agency.Furthermore, on a mulish level Classic Travel, nor any company, can give out reward withou t some return on that investment. They would need to examine the overall cost of the reward system as compared to the overall benefits not all to the employee but to the company as well. Being a travel agency which provides exclusive city breaks and hapless holi twenty-four hourss to all major European countries. The case study emphasizes that Classic Travel may be satisfactory to combine work and reward in one package. For instance a yearly training school term could be held in Morocco, or some other vacation site where a three day training could also provide some much needed fun and even team building experiences. The company could pay travel training expenses and even base accommodations on a reward basis. Those staff with more customers or bigger increases in their overall business may get a orphic suite, and so on.

What are fundamental points of conflict between Confucianism and Essay

What are fundamental frequency points of conflict between Confucianism and Legalism How were these ways of thought blended into the Chinese theory of empire - Essay compositors caseThese people propagated the ideas of Confucius as a philosophy in the human race. This is not only done as guidance for living up to the ideas of Confucius but also as a direction in politics and a sense of morality.Confucius strongly affected the historical make-up of East Asia, the neighbors of China, especially Japan and Korea. Considering the elect dynasty in Korea, the influence of Confucius took over much of what we can see. The Yi dynasty accredited for introducing the Chinese examination system during the skag dynasty. During this critical era, Chinese people adhered to the beliefs of Confucianism. Legalism, the so called school of law, rose as one of the mainstreams of Chinese philosophy though it never lasted for long. Legalism is quite different from the ideas of Confucianism. The rationale behind legalism was law, which is a main principle in legalism.Because legalism has a mistrust of human nature, which was regarded as a lazy and cowardly creature, like the legal opinion of Xunzi, the law should create order and eliminate chaos. Both the thoughts and practices of Confucianism and legalism have expanded to become a shaft of light for the betterment of individuals. The Chinese had put much interest on both philosophies which subsequently became deep root into their culture. There are similarities and comparisons between the great philosophies, Confucianism and Legalism to the principal values or norms of conduct. Confucius favorable view on human nature and its optimism were more persuasive to people of during that period, although in China today there lock away exists a legalist society but not as severely and strict as in Qin dynasty.In the third and second century B.C.E., when rivalry among the Warring states was getting more complex and competitive, legalism ha d risen as a new ideology that was in opposition to Confucianism. One of Confucianism thoughts was to

Security Essentials 1.5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

aegis Essentials 1.5 - Essay ExampleContemporary society confronts security experts with distinct and frequently unprecedented security-associated concerns. The security celestial sphere was known as a growth sector even before 9/11 (Clifford, 2003). personal matters between civic law implementation agencies and private security experts in more recent eld have been limited, even though it is purportedly transforming. History is full of cases where security purposes have been accomplished by the application of innovative minds, resourceful plans, and easily accessible solutions. Sectors evolve to meet these new social demands as society itself evolves.Exploration of artifacts offers evidence that shows attempts by the earliest communities to secure themselves from internal and external dangers. Particular communities discover methods that were more dignified in an effort to assure security protection by building tools, starting line agriculture, and settling in the long-term. T hese communities resided in regions with certain climates that presented particular security dangers as well as defenses (Clifford). Kangaroo arbiter was still a preferred option even after the establishment of formalized legislation in educated nations such as the United States. Historians commonly agree that tribal leaders or place members who represented the rest of the family determined security aims during eras that preceded recorded history and areas where legislations could not be implemented freely like the American Frontier.Archeological proof imply that civilizations dating as far back as five millennia BC designed and implemented laws to identify proper behavior. Ancient recorded attempts to build a series of criteria has been credited to the Sumerians as far back as five millennia BC. The Code of Hammurabi, 1750 BCE, is the later court-ordered cannon that adopted Sumerian cannons, set up by King Hammurabi, and discovered in 1901. flying dragons Law applied to Athens in 621 BC and included punishments for numerous crimes that

Ode on a Grecian Urn Essay Example for Free

Ode on a Grecian Urn EssayIn the poem Ode on a Grecian Urn, Keats took inspiration from a visit to a museum exhibiting artifacts, one of which is an urn with figures on its surface. The urn depicts scenes taken from ancient classic life. Intrigued by the Urns beauty and the figures depicted on its sides, Keats was moved to write a poem expressing wonder, admiration, questions and criticisms. Without knowing who these figures are, what they are meant to reflect and to what purpose were they made for, the poet revels in the mystery they represent. The Odes world-class stanza is filled with wonder and questions the last stanza has none. creation a piece of art, the urn can speak to its viewers in whatever way it chooses to communicate. In the first stanza of the poem, the writer addresses an ancient urn and reflects on its beauty and what story it can tell. He calls the urn a historian possessing occult knowledge. The writer looks at one group of pictures that seem to be of men pursuing women. He wonders if it was a pursuit among lovers, a struggle between sexes, or a playful episode among the young on a beautiful day.In the next stanza, the poet focuses on another figure on the vase. This time, it portrays a part with his lover, both lying beneath a tree while he plays his pipe. The writer declares that the pipes silent medication is sweeter than a mortals music because the former lives through time. While the man and woman cannot kiss because they are rimy in time, they should not despair because their beauty and youth entrust forever remain. In one stanza, the poet is open to present two contrasting realities. One is that of unfilled longing through eternity, while the other speaks of unceasing glory.The odes third stanza reflects the poets general feeling of happiness for the things he observed about the couple described in the previous stanza, as well as the trees surrounding them. The poet is glad for the trees leaves, which will forever be pa rk and remain attached to the branches. The poet is also happy that the man with the pipe will adjudge his songs forever new. He is also happy that the lovers love will last until eternity. Here, the poet laments that mortal love is just the passing of passion.By the time it passes, which it eventually will, there is nothing left. In the fourth stanza of the Ode, the poet turns to examine another picture. This time, it represents villagers leading a young cow, which seems to be a sacrificial offering. He imagines where they have come from and where they are headed for. The poet visualizes empty streets because the citizens have all left to witness the sacrifice. And the streets will forever remain empty for those who have left the townspeople are frozen on their way to the sacrificial place.For the fifth and final stanza, the poet goes back to addressing the urn. He tells the enhancive vase that while it lives and remain forever, the poets generation would have long passed. He end s it with the famous quote that equates beauty with truth. By doing this, the author seems to criticize and admire the urn at the same time. While the poet thinks the urn beautiful, he thinks that that is the only thing it will ever possess. This is the same manner of admiration and criticisms that the poet has vested on the characters found on the urn.

Powers of police Essay Example for Free

Powers of police EssayPolo Games limited was ab initio involved in manufacture and sale of electronic typewriters changed its product line and started developing and manufacturing hand held estimator games and devices. From the scenario of this company it comes out clearly that the company was involved fraudulent and echoicing practices and as such it was suspected of having affiliated a crime.The police came to the business premises one day to appear, arrest and seize suspected counterfeit materials used in the fraudulent activities. police have the powers conferred up on them to do the search and energise arrests. Such powers are outlined hereunderPolice and other government authorities have been conferred some(prenominal) powers to arrest, search and even seize property. These powers are available for use by such authorities except in the habituated circumstances and conditions. For instance the power to search a soul for anything is allowed when the person stub cover up severalize relating to an crime, or anything which might enable the person to escape from unlawful custody. other(a) reason or conditions is to search to an extent which is reasonably required to get the required evidence (http//www.11kbw.co.uk/ hypertext mark-up language/articles/policepowers.html, assessed on April 1, 2008).Police have powers conferred to them that enable them to degrade and search premises. These powers of entry and search states that power to enter and search a premise in which a suspected person is hiding the power single applies to the extent that the police man has reasonable grounds to in believing that there is evidence in the premises. Section 18 of the EPA (Emergency Provisions Act 1996) gives the police power particularly the cop who is the rank of tester to gain entry into premises occupied by a person under arrest. The inspector in this case should have sufficient belief that there is some evidence in the premises.When such an officer g ets into the premises they are covered by the power conferred to them to seize any materials which are suspicious or can be used as evidence in court. This power is deemed critical in cases where it is sour that some delay may lead to destruction of evidence by the suspected person.Section 17 of the EPA also mandates the police to enter into premises of suspected people in order to execute a warrant of arrest or arrest a person who has committed an arrestable offence. Other reasons for entry and search could involve the capturing of a person who has escaped from the police custody. Such person could have had committed a business related offence. Also in the context of business, police enters or force their way into a premise when there is anticipated damage of the property or evidence.There is section 19 of the EPA which mandates the police officers to enter premises and seize all things obtained through commission of crimes or which act as evidence related to crime. Police also ha ve power to seize property where there is evidence that it relates to given offence. The basis of this is to prevent the suspect from concealing, losing, altering or destroying the evidence.Police officers have powers to arrest any person whom they have sufficient evidence or reasonable ground to suspect as having committed or is about to commit crime.To enter business premises, police normally have to obtain warrant from judge of Peace. The Justice of Peace only grants such warrants when fully convinced that there is sufficient strength of the offence committed. Police seeking such warrants must specify reasons for the search and the things or items to be looked for.ReferencePolice powers of search and seizure, available athttp//www.11kbw.co.uk/html/articles/policepowers.html, assessed on April 1, 2008